Friday, December 27, 2019

Comparisons of Creation Myths Essay - 2092 Words

Myths – as they are known to most of the world – give insight into the pasts of various countries and religions as the people saw them. They have been used to explain phenomenons in nature or describe the tales of courageous and important men and women throughout history. Creation myths in particular define how the Earth itself was created, along with the universe, heavens, hell, people, and creatures that exist today. Genesis of Christian mythology, for instance, tells the story of how the single deity God spoke and formed everything from day and night to man and woman. Various African creation myths, such as with the Yoruba, explain the creation of the Earth through at least a couple gods working together and all life†¦show more content†¦Professors correlate Buddhism and Christianity, Hinduism and Islam, Confucianism and Hinduism, and Greek and Roman myth, since all of those pairs seem to follow similar patterns or derive their ideals from one another, even down to the same gods but with different names. They compare the Abrahamic religions: Christianity, Islam and Judaism; the Dharmic or Indian religions, including Buddhism, Hinduism, Sikhism, and Jainism; and the Taoic religions, encompassing a large group of with Taoism, Confucianism, and Shinto. These comparisons give us a stronger understanding of previous civilizations and their beliefs, and shows the patterns people make as a culture as they develop over the centuries. It should be noted that all creation myths tend to possess similar themes, despite differing story lines. As noted before, there exists the basic ideas of chaos before creation, and gods to form life. But then various myths show that, once life has been created, the gods tend to retreat from the humanity they create, instead watching them from afar and using specifically chosen and often religious contacts to spread their words and commands. This deusShow MoreRelatedThe And Hopi And Zuni Tribes1741 Words   |  7 Pagesand Zuni tribes have creation stories that were passed from generation to generation. These stories claim that the world, despite being made before man, is meant to be ruled by and sustain mankind. Daniel Quinn’s novel, Ishmael, imagines its own creation myths to showcase how these stories work and the messages that they send. The Native American myths referenced in this paper and in Ishmael rank mankind as more important than the Earth through the timeframe of the creation stories, the way EarthRead MoreEssay on The Myth of Prometheus and Mary Shelleys Frankenstein1296 Words   |  6 PagesThe story of Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein is similar to that of a Greek tragedy and namely the myth of the titan, Prometheus. The characters as well as the plot are all similar between the two stories. Many have argued that Frankenstein is based on the Prometheus myth. I will attempt to show that there are many different parts of Frankenstein that are remarkably similar to the myth and draw a comparison between the two stories. The story of Prometheus is similar in many ways to that of FrankensteinRead MoreCreation Myths in the Abrahamic Religions1850 Words   |  7 Pagesbetween construction and creation is this: that a thing constructed can only be loved after it is constructed; but a thing created is loved before it exists† (qtd. in â€Å"Charles Dickens†). Although the creation stories of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam have some differences, the fact that the three Abrahamic religions all arose in the same Middle Eastern area in succession may have had an effect on not only each religion’s beliefs that can be found in their creation myth, but also on their extremeRead MoreComparing The Greek Mythology And The Cherokee1053 Words   |  5 Pagesother idea to it, as well. There are quite a few similarities between the Greeks stories of creation and the Cherokee. In both stories, before anything could be created, water had been everywhere, and surrounded in darkness. It was void-like and wild, primitive almost. Another similarity is both Grecian and Native Americans had the same idea of how humankind may have been born to inhabit their creations. The connection is they were created by the Gods, or God in the Cherokee’s case. To continueRead MoreCosmic Paper978 Words   |  4 PagesCosmic Creation Myths Across Taliah Daniels Hum/105 December 19, 2012 GLORIA PUGLIESE Cosmic Creation Myths Across Regarding Creation Although there are a great number of creation myths that are propagated by people of Chinese descent, virtually all of them acknowledge Pan Gu. Those that due generally state that Pan Gu was the first being and that all existence in the universe—especially the earth and the heavens—is comprised of this being. The general story of Pan Gu begins with hisRead MoreIndian And African Culture : Indian Culture931 Words   |  4 PagesAfrican culture both possess creation myths in their cultural background. Indian and African creation myths are world-different, in that they rely on completely different stories of how the universe and the Earth were created. However, a common trait shared among the two cultural creation myths is that of a divine creator, or set of creators. In the Indian culture, and that’s India, not native American indians, the Vedic religion tells the story of the creation myth of Rig Veda. Brown (1942) discussesRead MoreA Comparative Analysis of Hindu and Chinese Creation Myths1165 Words   |  5 PagesRegarding Creation Although there are a great number of creation myths that are propagated by people of Chinese descent, virtually all of them acknowledge Pan Gu. Those that due generally state that Pan Gu was the first being and that all existence in the universe especially the earth and the heavens is comprised of this being. The general story of Pan Gu begins with his conception inside of an egg. In that egg is the yin and the yang, the notion of duality which brings an eternal harmony andRead MoreBible vs. Mythology994 Words   |  4 Pages Bible vs. Myth There are many similarities and differences between Greek Mythology and The Bible. Whether it’s the creation of man and women, or the universe, stories have been told throughout time and some can be alike and others completely different. There are people that have gathered, translated and recorded all of these events for us now to learn about. Whether a person believes it is true or not is up to them but if a God is real how come the stories between these two different beliefsRead MoreSacred Destination Paper676 Words   |  3 PagesKnowledge of good and evil was the initial sin committed by Adam and Eve that became known later as the fall of man, Adam and Eve died spiritually immediately following eating the fruit of the tree of knowledge, their sin separated them from God. Similar Myths The city of Dilmun in the Sumerian mythological was described as a paradise garden where no one got sick or died; it was the garden of immortality. Boulay (1990) stated,â€Å"Dilmun was a land intimately associated with Sumer and Akkad, and just like MeluhhaRead MoreFrankensteins Origin: Assessing Thompsons Argument for the Creatures Literary Ancestors 1443 Words   |  6 PagesThe greatest modern stories often hail from ancient myths, and Mary Shelleys novel, Frankenstein, proves no exception to this claim. Replete with references to John Miltons Paradise Lost and the ancient Greek myth of Prometheus, the story of Frankenstein seems, in many ways, very much like the Creature himself—which is to say, cobbled together from various scraps of previously existing parts. Terry W. Thompson, however, argues convincingly that scholars continue to ignore one of Frankensteins

Thursday, December 19, 2019

Symbolism in Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury Essay example

Symbolism is a major literary device that helps people see a book through symbols that often have a deeper meaning. A symbol is used to explain something in a different way, using images, objects, etc. instead of just saying it in words. As you search for a deeper meaning in a work of art or literature it can help you understand the authorÂ’s intentions and the deeper significance of a work. In Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury, symbols help reinforce the major themes of the book. Fire and flames have been used as symbols by many authors. Fire is representative of Montage. He was a fireman who made fires rather than put them out. He was around them all the time, whether it was around a campfire or burning down a house. Montag and fire were†¦show more content†¦The Hearth and The Salamander, the title of the first chapter, is another symbol. The hearth which provides warmth and comfort and the salamander which is believed to live in fire and not get burned contradict each ot her. One symbol shows the bad side of fire and the other shows the good side. The salamander was also a symbol on his firefighterÂ’s badge: “He stood in the hall of his house putting on his badge with the orange salamander burning across it.” (19) It was also on the fire trucks he used to make the fires, “They sat there looking out the front of the great Salamander as they turned a corner and went silently on.” (40) Both of these sentences show that the fireman are proud of what the salamander represents, whether it means the same thing or something different, it was important to them. Mirrors are objects that reflect an image of something in front of it back to a viewer. In Fahrenheit 451 mirrors are also symbols of knowing who you are, reflecting upon yourself, and remembering. In the beginning of the novel Montag didnÂ’t see himself clearly. He saw a reflected image of himself on a piece of shiny glass, “He knew that when he returned to the firehouse, he might wink at himself, a minstrel man, burnt-corked, in the mirror.” (4) In a way he was cocky about himself, especially about being a fireman. By the end things changed. Montag finds out who he really is and comes to believe that he will see himself clearly eventually: “ ‘Come on now, weÂ’re goingShow MoreRelatedSymbolism : Fahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury1144 Words   |  5 PagesSymbolism is a technique that literary adds meaning to stories through the use of objects or events portrayed to represent something else. The reason behind the use of symbolism is eluding something s meaning with out sighting on the obvious. The in-depth analysis of the use of symbolism will feature in a short story-Fahrenheit 451 (Fenton). Fahrenheit 451 is a science fiction artistic work of literature that makes use of symbols in the reflection of the humanity journey revived in a dystopian societyRead MoreSymbolism Of Ray Bradbury s Fahrenheit 451868 Words   |  4 PagesSymbolism in Fahrenheit 451 Ray Bradbury once stated, â€Å"I never consciously place symbolism in my writing. That would be a self-conscious exercise and self-consciousness is defeating to any creative act †¦ During a lifetime, one saves up information which collects itself around centers in the mind; these automatically become symbols on a subliminal level and need only be summoned in the heat of writing.† (The Paris Review). Bradbury’s may not have consciously placed symbolism in Fahrenheit 451,Read MoreFire Symbolism In Fahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury819 Words   |  4 PagesKira Masalaitis Mr. Frawley English 12 November 28 2017 What Does Fire Symbolize in Fahrenheit 451? Fire. The symbol of destruction, warmth, and renewal, is a prominent theme in the novel Fahrenheit 451, written by Ray Bradbury. Guy Montag, lives in a bleak, advanced United States where any and books have been made illegal and are replaced with entertainment and technology. The use of fire in the past was to give warmth and heat and has now been replaced for the use destruction and satisfactionRead MoreFahrenheit 451 Critical Essay1607 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Lintang Syuhada 13150024 Book Report 1 Fahrenheit 451 Critical Essay Human beings are naturally curious. We are always in search of better ideas, and new solutions to problems. One of a basic idea of Indonesia has been freedom of thinking and a free flow of ideas. But in some societies, governments try to keep their people ignorant. Usually, this is so governments can keep people under control and hold on to their power. In trying to keep people from the realities of the world, these oppressiveRead MoreFahrenheit 451 : The Burning Truth1149 Words   |  5 PagesAbdulmalik Alnagadi Doctor Clare Little Humanities 142 Aug/7/2014 â€Å"Fahrenheit 451†: The Burning Truth Introduction Fahrenheit 451 is the actual temperature at which paper catches fire. The story by Ray Bradbury represents a social criticism that alarms individuals against the risk of suppressing their feelings due to restrictions. The fascinating story of Bradbury, ‘Fahrenheit 451’ is interestingly well constructed. It can be clearly recognized that the book broadens the idea of a short story thatRead MoreAuthority Individual1437 Words   |  6 PagesIn Fahrenheit 451, written by Ray Bradbury, authority is viewed as ruthless and the individual is portrayed as innocent. This is also emphasised in two related texts, Whose Life Is It Anyway? By Brian Clark, and Shawshank Redemption, directed by Frank Darabont. The themes of ruthlessness and innocence are exemplified throughout all three texts, through the concept of the authority and the individual. In Ray Bradbury’s Fahrenheit 451, authority is depicted as ruthless. This is shown throughout theRead MoreFarenheit 451 : Author And Original Year Of Publication1705 Words   |  7 PagesRittel English II HP, Period 2 08 May 2015 Honors English Novel Study Form Title: Fahrenheit 451 Author and Original Year of Publication: Bradbury, 1953 MLA citation: Bradbury, Ray. Fahrenheit 451. New York: Ballantine Publishing, 1978. Print. Pertinent biographical information on author (must include a citation that matches the Works Cited page): Ray Bradbury was born in Waukegan, Illinois on August 22, 1920. Bradbury chose the writer path at the age of twelve and thirteen where he later discoveredRead MoreTechnology In Fahrenheit 451 And The Veldt By Ray Bradbury1370 Words   |  6 Pageseverything.† (Michael J Fox) However, in Fahrenheit 451 and â€Å"The Veldt† by Ray Bradbury this idea is aggressively rejected. The characters in Bradbury’s novel Fahrenheit 451, live in a society where technology negatively impacts their family and relationships with each other. Similarly, the characters in Bradbury’s short story, â€Å"The Veldt† are captivated by technology which has a huge toll on their family and relationships. Fahrenheit 451 and â€Å"The Veldt† by Ray Bradbury discusses the negative impact technologyRead MoreEssay on Fahrenheit 451 Sybolism of Fire646 Words   |  3 Pag esThe Symbolism of Fire Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury, is a novel filled with many symbols. The symbolism used in this novel varies from different animals to things in nature. One of the biggest symbols throughout the novel is fire. Fire has multiple meanings in Fahrenheit 451, and is usually symbolized as something to be feared. Throughout the novel, fire is something that people do not want, even though it can be so much more than a bad thing. Fire can represent knowledge and awareness, rebirthRead MoreAnalysis Of Fahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury1609 Words   |  7 PagesThematic Essay on Fahrenheit 451 Imagine a world where your family connections have been replaced by a television screen. Everything you know is only what you have been told by others so that you have no opinion of your own. And if you dare start thinking for yourself, the consequences are dire. This situation seems unrealistic, but in Ray Bradbury s futuristic novel Fahrenheit 451, this is the way the world works. Bradbury creates a society filled with ignorance where even in the midst of all the

Wednesday, December 11, 2019

Napoleon Essay Thesis Example For Students

Napoleon Essay Thesis There are never ending inquiries on the nature of Napoleons power. But reason can prove to one that the Age of Napoleon was in fact a time of democratic rule. Through political, social, and economical reforms, Napoleon Bonaparte did not only transcend France, but he changed the course of history for Europe and the World today, in a positive way. To begin, Napoleon helped France and Europe thorough many political reforms. He created a new constitution. It consisted of three consuls. Napoleon worked really hard to put France back together after the revolution. He allowed all types of political refugees back into France, and also appointed both radical republicans and royalist aristocrats to his government. â€Å"A major obstacle to internal peace was the steady hostility of French Catholics† (Kagan, Ozment, Turner 688). His most peerless act was to allow the Catholic Church back into to France through the concordat with Pope Pius VII. While in rule, he also created The Napoleonic Code.It was a complete revamp of the French law. It was based on two ideas: that all men are equal under the law and all people have a right to property. The code stamped out all privileges from the law including tax laws. The code spelled out various contractual laws to ensure the inviolability of private property. Many people think that what Napoleon was doing was wrong, yet they voted him Napoleon I, Emperor of France in 1804. Napoleon also in all he did abolished feudalism, which was part of the Code. Many countries used a similar code within their own governments. Next, Napoleon helped show the Age of Napoleon as being positive through many economic reforms. To begin, Napoleon reformed the tax structure. The new format exempted no person or persons from paying their taxes because of birth or privilege. Amazingly, people willingly, began to pay their taxes. Napoleon also authorized a central banking system. Because of the new reforms, French industries flourished under the protection of the state. Also, the blockade forced the evolvement of new crops, such as sugar beets and indigo. Napoleon also extended the infrastructure of roads, which were essential for the expansion of national and European markets. Last, Napoleon made his biggest positive impact through his social reforms. As already stated, Napoleon signed The Concordat of 1801 with the Catholic Church, thus disarming the threat of counter-revolution among the catholic peasants. Catholicism did become the preferred religion of France, but most importantly, Napoleon did tolerate other religions. â€Å"The Catholic Church was no longer established- the sole official one† (Connelly 41).Next, one of Napoleons greatest achievements, perhaps, was the Napoleonic Code. United with economic reforms, the Napoleonic Code simplified trade and the expansion of commerce by regularizing contractual relations and preserving property rights and equality before law. Last, Napoleon began to recognize the importance of education in French society. Soon, with educational reforms, Napoleon began to be a patron of the sciences. With the newly developed uniform system of weights and measures, Napoleon felt the need to go further. He founded a system of national education from primary schools through college. Soon, higher education became available in all major cities, and French life began to prosper. Consequently, the political, social, and economical reforms made by Napoleon Bonaparte clearly point to a positive impact on France and Europe. These ambiguities have helped many other countries in Europe be established. They sought the similar effects that Napoleons changes had on France. Many of the programs that he started are still very apparent in the lives of French and Europeans alike. Bibliography:Works Cited Donald Kagen et al., The Western Heritage, vol.2, 6th ed., Prentice Hall, Inc. Owen Connelly, The Epoch of Napoleon, Krieger Publishing Co., Malabar, FL.

Wednesday, December 4, 2019

Key issues for consideration before sourcing production abroad

In the recent past, many manufacturers have taken to sourcing for production abroad. This trend has tremendously been impacted by the recent global financial crisis that has been witnessed the world over and the turmoil that has been registered in the world financial markets.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Key issues for consideration before sourcing production abroad specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Sincerely speaking, there is no problem with any company outsourcing their manufacturing process, however, due to the large number of organizations that have resorted to this system, caution has to be taken due to twists and turns that are involved in outsourcing of the production process. The most notable fact that has to be brought into perspective before a company decides to source production abroad is the cost of tooling, duration of agreement, and pricing (Washburn et al, 2009). That there is always some s ort of tension between the vendor and the distributor as to who bears the initial cost of product development is an undisputed fact. Product development calls for collaboration on the design of the product and the cost of acquiring tools and machinery to be used in the manufacturing process. The supplier will not always accept to invest copious amounts of money on tooling without a guarantee of faster returns on investment. The supplier may have a perception that an agreement spanning several years is essential if he is to bear the cost of tooling and increase production. The distributor may not be willing to be tied to a given manufacturer if for a reason the product has not received the best reception in the market. Therefore, the parties must initiate some kind of multi year contract to guarantee that the undertaking is worthwhile for the foreign manufacturer. The parties have to agree on some kind of reimbursement of tooling costs if the agreement does not go on as it was suppos ed to. The distributor can also advance the tooling costs at the initial stages of the relationship. When the two parties come to consensus on multi year contracting, the issue of pricing will crop up. Because it is to difficult to come up with a formula that governs pricing changes, parties often find themselves in a situation where foreign manufacturers propose price changes at the end of financial years. However, there are ugly incidences where buyers can reject the price and subsequently terminate the contract.Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This makes the agreement a short-term contract. If the distributor fails to advance the tooling costs, chances are that reimbursement of the tooling costs will be imminent. It is therefore pertinent that the supply agreement declares that the manufacturer pays the tooling costs, and that the supplier can return the tools and fi xtures to the manufacturer upon termination of the agreement. Another factor to be considered when sourcing production abroad is product liability and insurance. The issue of product liability comes into play when the foreign manufacturer produces the entire product to be distributed in the market. The company charged with the distribution of this product will obviously push for the risks of injuries to persons or property resulting from the manufacturing process to be borne by the foreign manufacturer. The distributor will also want to be part of the people insured on the manufacturer’s policy. The distributor will request that provisions be made for the availability of primary non-contributory coverage. Under such an agreement, the foreign manufacturer will use the insurance company contracted by the outsourcing firm for product liability. This process is always difficult in some countries. Certain countries do not allow manufacturers to purchase product liability insurance with foreign coverage. In fact, in such countries small to medium sized manufacturers rarely provide product liability insurance. In such circumstances, the company outsourcing foreign production bears the insurance costs and this should be reflected when negotiating the price. Negotiation of adequate insurance cover has been quite a challenge to manufacturers who are not well versed with them. Such manufacturers usually prefer that the foreign company doing the outsourcing purchase the necessary insurance and in turn lower the price. When coverage is provided by the foreign company, the manufacturer has to maintain adequate tail coverage to cover for the period of time until the relationship is terminated. The tail coverage can be very critical if claims arise after termination of the relationship.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Key issues for consideration before sourcing production abroad specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is independent of whoever buys the insurance. Certificate or evidence of insurance has to be presented in circumstances when the foreign company obtains the insurance. This certificate or evidence of insurance must have notice of any material change and cancellation of non-renewal to this foreign company. The policy has to be reviewed by the foreign company’s insurance broker. Another key issue is the product warranty. It is known that insurance can be used to insulate the company outsourcing from liability to personal injury, the warranty delivered by the foreign manufacturer is key to dealing with customer claims of substandard products. Claims about defective products are not always covered by product liability insurance, and the vendors’ warranty has to be sought for protection. Foreign manufacturers often develop cold feet with regard to giving warranty resulting from defective goods because they assume the design ought to have been develo ped by the company sourcing for foreign production on their own or with the help of foreign manufacturer. The company outsourcing may be compelled to give its own warranty if foreign goods are incorporated into final product. Various warranty issues like who pays for shipping when the products have to be returned the outsourcing have to be addressed. Warranties in these circumstances should cover losses incurred by the buyer. The supply agreement must stipulate the vendor’s liability for the warranty claims. Other issues to be considered include currency fluctuation risks, trade names, intellectual property issues i.e. indemnity and exclusivity. With regard to currency fluctuation, the parties have to agree on the currency to which the payments are to be made. Quite often, the US dollar is preferred. Hedging is normally done if the transaction is large enough. The foreign manufacturer will always use the name and logo of the company sourcing for production. The contract shoul d reflect the rights of the foreign manufacturer with regard to use the name and logo. The registered trademark of the foreign company should be registered in the home jurisdiction of the supplier. Indemnity against third party claims should be obtained despite the fact that the intellectual property belongs to the foreign manufacturer.Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Types of difficult workers In almost all places of work, there are always chances that we come across employees who are just difficult to work with. There are many different types of difficult workers, but for the interest of this paper, only three will be elaborately described. This section will also undertake to come up with coping strategies that can be used to peacefully coexist with this category of employees. The paper will discuss telltale, the gossip, and the agreeable types of employees. Telltales are so concerned about the discovery of the little mistakes that their colleague employees make in the process of carrying out their responsibilities at work. They would tell on the person who committed the minor mistake to their superiors or their colleague employees with the sole of intention of making the doer of the mistake look bad. The most appropriate working strategy that can be employed against this caliber of difficult employees is undertaking to be on your best behavior and just do your job. If somebody does what he or she is supposed to be doing, the telltales will actually have nothing to focus on. One should make sure that they update their bosses on regular basis on the projects they are working on. With this approach, the telltales will not take advantage of anything that you might have overlooked (Nikki, 2010). The gossip type of employee appears to have a database on everybody and everything within the working set up and appears willing to share it. They are likely to trigger altercations and misunderstanding about the employees of a given company because the bulk of information they spread is sometimes devoid of truth. They peddle falsehood. They can easily talk to you about your workmates. The most obvious thing is that you will form the subject of discussion when he or she leaves your station to the next. Their gossip can be very dangerous because will take every opportunity to dent the reputation of the person they are gossiping about. Chances that fights may break out are very high. One of the practical coping strategies is to never allow you to become a gossip too. Your utterances will often be used to judge you. If the rumor is directed at you, look for the person who started it in a calm and private manner. It is prudent that you bother yourself explaining to them the rumor you have heard doing rounds and that it was hurting. A sense of guilt will galvanize them. This will prompt an apology from them if you were calm and reasonable. The agreeable one wants to be liked by everyone and will agree to anything they are told but only to fail to deliver on their promises. Such people can be talked into accepting that you can present a diverging view on prevailing issues and still be liked. They should be helped in prioritizing and learning to say no when situations call for it. What are the three simultaneous events that have occurred in America related to globalization? Explain the three. Is globalization the culpr it? Provide supplement support for your position Because of globalization, many American companies have migrated their manufacturing to foreign countries where it is relatively cheaper to do business. With globalization, America has fully embraced the idea of offshoring and outsourcing. One could argue that globalization has then become a blessing in disguise to the American people because they have been freed up to become innovators, designers, and realizers of emerging technologies and concepts. The jobs that are supposed to be done by Americans are done by professionals from countries where they do the outsourcing and offshoring. This has kept many citizens out of work to the detriment of their economic well being (Dunnigan, 2006). Globalization has therefore compelled Americans to gun for good education so that they become relevant to the market demand and avoid job losses. But even with college degrees many American citizens have not been able to secure jobs because their areas of expertise are still being catered for by professional from other countries. Job losses in America has been dealt blow by certain legislations that bar doing specific researches in America like the stem cells technology. Companies willing to engage in this type of research go to other countries where there are no legislations that bar this kind of technology. This has dealt a major blow to medical research fraternity in the United States. With globalization chances are high that Americans will be mushrooming to foreign countries in search of better opportunities. Other than unemployment that has been very rampant in America, globalization has also contributed to terrorism both global and in American territories. That globalization has helped in benefiting the U.S. domestic policy contributing to the larger growth of domestic economy is not in dispute. However, it has to be noted that the advantages of modern globalization have outweighed its benefits. When the American economy on ly reaps trade deficit in global economy, their domestic policy stands to suffer a lot. Globalization has significantly contributed to loss of national sovereignty hence the rise of global terrorism, war against terrorism. This has resulted from the clash between national culture or religious identity and globalization. With globalization, the world has become such a smaller place. People of different civilizations get to interact. These civilizations intensify consciousness and awareness between them hence political, cultural, and economic benefits. The interactions have inherent costs that have been unbearable to the United States domestic economy and her national policies. The global war on terror has consumed a reasonable percentage of the American tax payer’s money and her human resource. The United States spent $ 65 billion on war on terror, of which $30 billion was spent in Afghanistan. The rest went to homeland defense in relation to the unwarranted deaths during the September 11th terrorist attack. When the American invasion of Iraq is considered to be part of war on terror, the expenditures skyrocket (Bhagwati, 2004). Of the $60 billion which was allocated for Iraq in the spring of 2003, another $87 billion was again allocated by the congress in October of the same year. Beginning January 2005, the American tax payers had paid a whooping $152 billion to the military operation that was going on in Iraq. The American tax payers by September 2006 spent money to the tune of $315 billion. None of these statistical figures records the lives that were lost in these operations. War on terrorism neither guarantees that there would be no terrorist activities in future. Other costs those American citizens especially those doing business in foreign countries continue to incur because of global war on terrorism include increased expenditure on enhanced security. Companies doing global businesses have to contend with shipping delays and costs for menaces of terrorism. The threats of terrorism and war on terrorism have slowed down global trade and investment. In order to stamp out terrorism the government has institutionalized legislations that are retrogressive and often lead to violation of fundamental human rights. Civil liberties are quite often trampled on by state and federal authorities. Globalization has also in the recent past revolutionized the American financial markets. Companies during the eve of world economic melt down have undertaken to reduce risks by engaging in diversification. The companies get involved with international financial institutions while also partnering with local and multinational businesses. Reorganization that happens at international, national, and sub-national level is occasioned by globalization (Phil, 2006). International trade, production, and integration of financial markets have to be reorganized. This negatively impacts capitalistic economic and social relations through multilateralism and mi croeconomic phenomena like business competitiveness at the global arena. Transformation of production system negatively impacts class structure, the labor process, how technology is applied, and finally the structure and organization of the capital. With globalization America was compelled to seek financial bail out which hiked the cost of owning homes and financial services in the American economy. What are the executive traits? There are five categories of executive presence that espouse the sixteen executive traits. Executives should stand out from the rest of the people by thinking strategically. They are expected to take strategic approach to work. This proves that they are leaders and not just managers. Executives are supposed to take a whole company’s perspective by ensuring that they think outside the box and knowing every aspect of their organization. Executives must learn the language of finance by speaking the language of leaders. This makes them show their worth w hen circumstances call. Executives should capitalize on ambiguity and change by standing confidently above those who waver and are in constant fear of uncertainty. They should exceed their expectations and those of his subjects by being proactive and seeking for opportunities where others think they don’t exist. They should be innovative because through this they stand to climb to higher levels of responsibility (Executive Coaching, 2008). Executives must move beyond their comfort zones so that they great to stretch their capabilities. Executives must also be good communicators because by this they build confidence, trust, and credibility. They should lead rather than just acting managers and endeavor to share the limelight. Costs and benefits of globalization Globalization is perceived to be having its benefits notable of which is free trade. Through free trade countries get to exchange their goods and services. Countries will therefore undertake to produce goods and service s which give them competitive advantage over the rest. This specialization will lead to lower prices for consumer of these goods, greater variety of goods pool to choose from, export markets for domestic manufacturers will also become bigger. Specialization in production of specific goods will lead to economies of scale. Greater competition to be realized enhances quality of goods that are sold. With globalization there is likely to be free movement of labor to the advantage of workers and recipient countries. When there is high unemployment in a given country there is likelihood for people to look for jobs elsewhere hence decrease in geographical inequality. Countries with labor shortages are also able to fill the gap. With regard to increased economies of scale production becomes specialized. Goods can be produced in different parts of the world hence specialization that lowers prices for consumers of these goods. Globalization ensures that there is competition that does away with monopolies that characterized absence of competition. However, there stands to be greater competition from other foreign companies. Finally, globalization has enabled increase in level of investment hence countries have managed to attract both short and long term investments (Tejvan, 2009). Globalization comes with environment costs because of use of non renewable resources. It has also led to onset of global warming and pollution. Firms take to invest in countries where legislations on environment are less strict. Globalization also leads to labor drain because of more free movement of workers. This leads to brain drain as experts will work in countries where their expertise is heavily remunerated. Globalization has led to increased economic and cultural hegemony hence lack of cultural diversity. Free trade can have adverse effects on developing economies. These countries do mot have technological development that developed countries boast of hence will spend a lot of money in pro duction relative to what developed countries use. When it comes to pricing theirs have to be slightly higher. This will discourage people from buying there goods and instead go for those produced by developed countries. Reference List Bhagwati, J. (2004). In Defense of Globalization. New York: Oxford University Press. Dunnigan, J. (2006). The Costs of the War on Terror. Web. Executive Coaching. (2008). Five Categories of Executive Presence and the Sixteen  Executive Traits. Web. Nikki, N. (2010). 14 Types of Difficult Co Workers and How to Deal with Them. Web. Phil, B. (2006). The Effects of Globalization on the United States of America. Web. Tejvan. (2009). Costs and benefits of globalization. Web. Washburn, J., et al. (2009). Foreign Sourcing of Production: Key issues for consideration. Web. This assessment on Key issues for consideration before sourcing production abroad was written and submitted by user Cannon Ortega to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Wednesday, November 27, 2019

Police Corruption

Abstract The American society has gone through difficult times due to police brutality and misconduct mainly because of corruption that has threatened to interfere with the very survival of society. In the mid 19th century to early 20th century, clandestine police forces were popular and the representatives of Pinkerton’s and other police forces available for hire were infamous since brutal employers utilized their services to quell violence against striking workers.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Police Corruption specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Heavy-handed law enforcement coupled with illegal groups such as Ku Klux Klan acting through vigilantism denied individuals their civil rights formulated in the 1871. The law provided that it was illegal for state law to interfere with an individual’s constitutional rights under the national rules. In early 21st century, section 1983 of the 1871 act became one of the important instruments of fighting police brutality and injustice in society (Klockars, 2000). The 20th century witnessed lawful, organizational, and scholarly models to the issue. Some developments in the state fought the criminality of the state machinery indirectly, such as the endorsement of the civil rights in 1964. The passage of the act protected individuals who had undergone psychological and physical pain due to police misconduct. Furthermore, the landmark rulings by the Court gave the public powers and authority against the actions of police officers. For instance, the Fourth Amendment prevented police officers from searching and seizing and individual without court permission (Goldstein, 1975). Even though legal protection and well-planned reforms exist, police brutality has persisted and people are still suffering in the hands of the state machinery. Furthermore, the extent at which people encounter police brutality is unknown to the public due to a number of reasons. Misconduct issues among police officers are usually quantified based on each city even though information provided is subjective (Klockars, 2000). Furthermore, the levels of corruption are even harder to measure. The studies should be undertaken to determine the levels of corruption in the police force. To do this, a number of research hypothesis are to be formulated. Again, the researcher should undertaken a research to determine the effective utilization of personality measures to identify officers who are prone to corruption. Finally, the researcher would suggest some recommendations on how to end the problem. For all these to happen, the problem statement is to be defined clearly at an early onset of research. Introduction Corruption is a variable that has been defined variously by many scholars. On one hand, it has been defined as the violation of regional and national laws. Others view it as the violation of personal rights contained in the constitution by p olice officers. Another group of scholars perceives it as the commitment of crime by police officers to achieve personal interests. In general, corruption refers to police misbehavior and abuses of police authority.Advertising Looking for research paper on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More From the definitions, the term refers to a number of technical, illegal and civil infringements. In this respect, misconduct is the broad category of civil violation. Misconduct becomes technical in case it is used to refer to police officers who go against the policies and rules of the police service. The term is used to criminal in case it is utilized to refer to violation of state and national laws by police officers. Finally, it is used to refer to unconstitutional in case the rights and freedoms of citizens are contravened by police officers in any state or in any part of the country. There are a number of police misconducts i ncluding excessive utilization of physical or lethal force, prejudiced arrest, physical or verbal pestering, and discriminatory enforcement of law (Rozella, 2003). The law protects citizens from police brutality but the issue of corruption and misconduct still exist in society. In fact, the department of police has always strived to produce quality police officers through setting up of the professional codes of conduct, reviewing the training needs of officers and conducting credible investigations and subsequent punishment of officers in case found guilty. However, these have never stopped corruption among police officers. This paper will therefore conduct a research to establish the why corruption is a commonplace in the American society. The paper employs research methodologies to determine measure carefully the existing problem. From the collected data, the paper comes up with conclusions and recommendations that would change the state of affairs as regards to corruption. Proble m Statement Since 1999, the American society has witnessed various police misconduct issues. In the same year, there was a worst scandal ever involving the Los Angeles Department’s Rampart borders and certainly, its elite anti-gang unit referred to as the CRASH (Community Resources against Street Hoodlums). Upon investigation, both local and state, CRASH was banned and seventy officers were taken in for investigations. A number of police officers were found guilty of misconducts while several of them were convicted mainly because of drug trafficking, larceny, promoting mugging, tempering with arrests and filing bogus reports. The Rampart humiliation brought about many problems to the police force. It bore heavy costs to the policy makers in the force, which were both financial in nature and psychological. Much criminal fervor accredited to the work of corrupt individuals in the work force was overturned by the court. By 2003, the police force in the city had already lost over $40 in lawsuits. Consequently, the 2000 agreement between the Lo Angeles city council and the federal government put the police in the city under the custodianship of the judge for five years. The judge was to monitor reforms and evaluate the activities of the police.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Police Corruption specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Compared to other agencies in the country, the Los Angeles police force is no exceptional. In 1990s, the New York City’s wide-ranging reforms were put into sport light following the high-profile cases involving police misconduct (Giuliani, 1995). The New York cases proved that it was difficult to handle cases involving police misconduct. The first case was put forth in 1997 where a Haitian migrant was thoroughly beaten under police custody. The foreigner was said to have been harassed sexually since cases of sodomy were also reported. In 2000, the po lice officers were jailed for interfering with individual freedom and justices. However, the court overturned the ruling in the United States v. Schwarz. The second New York hullabaloo pertained to the killing of an unarmed man in 1999. The undercover officers allegedly shot the Guinean migrant 41 times. Citizens protested against the actions of the police unit referred to as the Aggressive Street Crimes. The officers were set free in 2000 controversially. The police brutality and rampant corruption has led to public outcry where demonstrations have been mounted to disown the misconduct of the police. In the contemporary world, police have accused of beating and harassing a black American citizen who was found in the street. In 2001, the court set free one police officer who was allegedly accused of shooting a black man. The American populace blames police brutality on defective policies that insist on aggressive policing on matters pertaining on drugs, street crimes and street gang s. Police department is of the governmental agencies that are known to resist change in society. Due to these problems, city council authorities, the ministries of justice and state security, and renowned criminologists have launched studies to establish ways that can bring about reforms in the police service. Upon this realization, this paper sets out to reinforce the findings of other scholars as they attempt to find solutions to the existing problems. Therefore, the paper collects data in order to analyze the same data to reach at important conclusions and recommendations. Variables In this research paper, the researcher is interested in testing variables such as crime rates, crime reporting, personality traits of officers, and police corruption. The research tests various hypotheses that are associated with the interaction between them. The hypotheses may perhaps be combined to arrive at various equations. For instance, the following equations can be arrived at.Advertising Looking for research paper on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Crime= f (corruption in the police force, crime reporting, A, B1) Crime reporting = g (Corruption in the force, crime A, B2) Police corruption=h (Crime rates, reporting of crime A, B3) Each category of the equations above consists of exogenous variables A, which are universal to all statements. Exogenous variables B are particular to each equation. In other words, variables B refer to those tools that assist the researcher to classify the systematic factors. Factors in the exogenous variables X, which affect the operations of police in each state may include low incomes and inequality in terms of salaries, the level of education attained by officers and ethnic/racial disparities. Scholars view these factors to be responsible for crime. Results expected after measuring these variables would: the rates of crime increase when inequalities increase. Furthermore, urbanization and racial disparities tend to increase the rates of crime in any city. In case police officers are taken through rigorous training system with better equipments and clear curriculum, corruption would decrease. The rates of crime would also decrease. In other words, this shows that the crime reporting rates tend to be positively correlated with the level of training. In this regard, it is negatively correlated with the salary inequalities among civil servants. Urbanization tends to affect crime reporting positively since people are aware of their rights in an urban setting. Ethnicity and racial differences affect crime-reporting practices negatively, especially when communities distrust each other. Consequently, police corruption would definitely reduce in case the population is educated. Corruption is high in case ethnic differences and income inequalities are allowed in society. In any research study, variables must be measured. The researcher would not have achieved his or her mission in case variables are not measured. In this study, income equality is measured using the Gini coefficient. Furthermore, the level of education is measured using the literacy rate scale. The researcher opted for the literacy rate scale as opposed to inquiring about the number of years an individual has been attending classes because the former covers many states. Ethnic/racial differences are measured using the ethno-linguistic fractionalization index as suggested by Creswell (2003). According to this measurement instrument, two individuals taken randomly are expected to belong to different ethnic/racial groups. Moreover, it is a fact that endogenous variables are expected to affect other variables in any research. In this case, it is important to tackle all issues related to corruption in the police force and the issues related to reporting crimes. These variables are used to calculate regression in the equations. It is surprising that finding appropriate measurement instruments for endogenous variables is problematic. For a variable to be measured, it should be exogenous, correlated wit h endogenous variables and be in a position to manipulate the dependent variable in any study. The following equations are used to show how exogenous variables play off in research. B1 (crime) =the extent of punishment, the age of the population, the attitudes of the populace as regards to crime, the provision of the constitution regarding corruption B2 (crime reporting) =activism, the composition of human organizations B3 (police corruption) =attitudes of the officers and the public towards bribery and the influence of diplomats and other officers in government with high ranks and political influence Hypotheses Every research in social sciences attempts to prove that a specific phenomenon occurs due to a specific reason. Conducting a research is like a walk in the desert without a guiding map to show clear directions that should be taken in order to reach the desired direction. Hakim (2000) warns that care should be taken by every researcher when conducting a research to ensure tha t he or she does not wonder off the focus of the study just by the sheer wonder of the research in question. A path should clearly be set, upon which the research would take. Research hypothesis always provides solution to this. Leedy and Ormrod (2005) define hypothesis as a proposition made by the researcher about the research upon which the research would try to determine if it is true or otherwise. Hypothesis is a kind of a proposal or a guess that the findings of a particular research would be in a particular way. As Hakim (2000) notes, a research would always have two hypotheses for every single desired result. There is always the null hypothesis and alternate hypothesis. The null hypothesis would always refute the claim by saying that the proposition does not hold. On the other hand, alternative hypothesis would always try to affirm that the proposition set by the researcher holds. A test would always be conducted on the null hypothesis with an aim of rejecting it. By rejectin g a null hypothesis, the research would be accepting the alternative hypothesis. It is always every researchers desire to reject a null hypothesis because when a research accepts a null hypothesis, it would render the whole research unnecessary. It would be rejecting the proposition made by the researcher, a fact that would render the research null and void. The following hypotheses would be designed to guide the research. H1: Corruption is the police force would possibly lead to higher rates of crime in various parts of the country. This is because criminals are able to buy justice, merit might not be considered in the police force and police forces might turn out to be gangs. H2: Crime augments corruption in the police force since the level of criminality may infect the police. In this case, the criminals might compromise the police to arrest innocent people in society. H3: Crime reporting is always expected to reduce the rate at which corruption takes place within the police forc e. In case a crime is reported, it is impossible for a police officer to set free a criminal. If reported, corrupt officers might be punished by the state. H4: Cases of corruption in the police force reduces the trust held by the public towards the agencies in charge of law enforcement. This would even discourage the culture of crime reporting. H5: Reporting criminal activities to the state authorities reduce crimes since lawbreakers fear being caught. H6: Increased cases of crime tend to discourage the culture of reporting crimes since the people feels demoralized, as criminals are set free. This would lead to cases of mob-justice as the only way of ensuring justice. Qualitative vs. Quantitative Approach Political science and Public Administration investigators generally employ two categories of exploration processes. First is quantitative study, which utilizes mathematical indicators to determine the relative magnitude of a certain political or bureaucratic occurrence. The second category of exploration process is qualitative study, which uses symbols and expressions to point out the occurrence or lack of an event or classify them into various forms. Quantitative and qualitative annotations offer public administration canvassers a number of ways as regards to Operationalization of concepts and calculation of hypothetical constructs, as well as realistic conception (Crotty, 2003). Whereas quantitative techniques can offer a high level of quantity accuracy and arithmetical supremacy, qualitative techniques can provide a superior intensity of information concerning the nature of administrative progression in a certain study environment. The well-designed or positivist archetype that steers the quantitative method of analysis is based on the supposition that public truth has an objective ontological configuration and that people react to this objective setting. Data collection in quantitative study is through questionnaire. The researcher seeks to solicit inform ation by posing questions to the respondents. The major aim of the quantitative prototype is to ensure reliability, validity and generalization of a problem in its patent prediction of cause and effect. Validity is utilized in establishing whether a study measures what it is projected to measure and to estimate the truth of the outcomes. The researcher ensures that both internal and external validities are observed in the study. Internal validity is catered for through careful manipulation of the results. Qualitative study shares the hypothetical postulations of the interpretative model, which is based on the view that public truth is shaped and upheld through personal knowledge. Qualitative investigators are apprehensive in their investigations while trying to precisely illustrate, translate and understand the meanings of occurrences taking place in their normal public perspectives. Qualitative researchers are focused on scrutinizing the difficulty, legitimacy, collective subjectiv ity of the investigator and the respondent as well as minimization of misapprehension (Russell Ryan, 2009). Data collection methods include observation and use of interviews. Observation allows the researcher to analyze the causes of human behavior. Validity in qualitative research is ensured through triangulation of methods, techniques and tools. This study employed a quantitative approach in order to arrive at strong results and conclusions. While quantitative techniques may function well in separating and categorizing the correlates linked to discrepancy at particular periods, qualitative methods are mainly superior at achieving insight as regards to processes and actions that causes practical deviation and have the main benefit of giving sudden insight. Creswell and other scholars made intuitive theoretical structure pertaining to mixed methods, mainly concerning issues of excellence (Creswell, 2003). Mixed methods not only enlarge the study toolbox, they as well offer the chan ce for fusion of study customs and offer the researcher extra viewpoints and insights that are past the span of any solitary method. Research Design There were two key methods used to gather information in this report. The first one was through a questionaire, which was administered online to the staff at police department. The questionaire sought to capture various attutudes of staff at the police department regarding their performance and isses related to corruption. The second source of information used for the research was literature on various aspects motivation. The focus of the literature review was to find information on the application of corruption determent techniques and also to determine the current state of research in the use of curruption prevention instruments. The questionnaire had four Parts. The first part sought to capture the biodata information of respondents. The second part dealt with the demography and gender of the respondents. This was to ascertain the pr evalence of views in varoius categories in order to ensure that if any differences came about, then they would be captured in their demographic space. The third part dealt with academic credentials and work experience. The motivation for this section came from the understanding that different sections of population respond differently to motivators, based on age and academic credentials. The fourth part delved into the specific issues relating to curruption, starting from the understanding of the concept to the possible effects it would have on police officers (Leedy, Ormrod, 2005). The questionaire also employed a mix of open ended and closed ended questions to capture different aspects of issues studied. Open ended questions were used because thay give respondents more time to figure out their opinions, which would make them volunteer more information related to feelings, outlooks and comprehension of the subject. This would allow the researcher to understand the position of resp ondents as regards to feelings. Open ended questions minimize some errors that could have been created in the course of research. Respondents rarely forget answers if given an opportunity to respond freely. Furthermore, respondents cannot ignore some questions because they must go through all of them. Open ended questions generate data that can be used in data analysis by other researchers. In other words, they allow secondary data analysis. On the other hand, closed-ended questions are analyzed easily. That is why they were used in this study. Each response can be coded for statistical interpretation. Nonetheless, closed-ended questions are compatible with computer analysis package. The technique is more specific meaning that its answers are consistent in all conditions. This aspect is impossible with open-ended questions because each respondent is allowed to use his or her own words. Finally, closed-ended questions take less time to administer unlike open-ended questions, which ar e detailed hence time consuming. The questionnaire was sent to respondents through the internet that is, the researcher mailed the questions to respective police respondents. The researcher arrived at this decision after considering time and reseources. The method is costless and less time consuming. Furthmore, the method allows respondents to reflect on the questions and answer them accurately. Employing research assistants would be problematic because of the sensitivity of the study. Many people would be reluctant to give their views freely. The method is ineffective because answers are not independent. The respondent might not have filled the questions him or herself. Moreover, the method is affected by the respondent’s level of literacy. One big disadvantage of the technique is that there is no interaction between the researcher and the researched. This means that respondent’s reactions are not captured. Reactions are important because they give more information re garding to the feelings of respondents. Generally, the technique is more applicable where the researcher is interested in numbers, not deep feelings of the respondent. In this study, the researcher is interested in identifying the number of employees who feel performance related pay is the suitable method of stimulating employees. The use of the questionaire made it possible to capture issues that are unique to the department of police. This is because there was no accessible literature with required degree of relevence to the subject matter about the department of police. The targeted staff responded to the questionaire online. The availability of staff influenced the choice of this method because the police operates throughout and therefore it is not possible at any one time to find all officers in one place. An online questionaire reduced the costs of data collection, assured confidentiality, and was available throughout for the staff for a fixed period. After collection, the dat a went through analysis, culminating to the conclusions and findings discussed in the subsequent sections of this paper. Findings Through analysis, it was estblished that police corruption in the US is caused by a number of reasons. Furthermore, respondents argued that some policies should be formulated to contain the vice, which is very common in the force. It was found out that corruption in the police force is caused by cultural practices among the members of the force. This is what some police chiefs referred to as â€Å"the bad or rotten apples†. The rotten apples are mostly weak individuals who might have entered the force through corruption hence failing to go through the usual screening process. Going by the views of police chiefs, only a few individuals are corrupt in the police force. Contrary to the opinion of police chiefs, critics of the force claim that the whole force is rotten. It can also be established that irresistible chances offered to police officers mak e them corrupt. These factors include low wages and salaries, pessimism sorrounding the pay system and promotion, socialization process in the police force, political culture in various states that support corruption, non-reproting of crimes among the public and ineffective leadership on the side of government. The constituion gives the police a blank check as regards to individual freedom. This makes the public seek for an alternative way of compromizing the work of police. Peratning to solutions to the problem of corruption in the police force, respondents gave various views. Some members respondents underscored the fact that police corruption have numerous effects in society. Firstly, it affects public trust where the members of public try to use unscrupulous means of obtaining justice such as mob-justice. Furthermore, other organs of government tend to ape the behavior of police officers. Therefore, the findings of the research suggest that the main way through corruption can be avoided is offering police officers a good salary package. Furthermore, the federal government, in collaboration with various states, should come up with training programs aiming at instiling ethics to the officers. Furthermore, the research reveals that police officers tend to shy away from misconduct in places where they are new. Therefore, the federal government should always ensure that tranfers are held after every six months. Finally, the government at both levels should come up with departments that handle public complains. Conclusion Corruption in the police service is a problem that has existed since time in memorial. It is found in almost all police departments. In society, lawa enforcers have the responsibility of ensuring that justice is achieved. The police agency holds the trust of the public. However, research shows that the trust can be lost in case police officers engage in corruption. This would lead to cases of non-reporting, which might even even crimes in the c ountry. It is therefore advisable that the police department handles the issue of corruption with the seriousness that it deserves. In case an officer is suspected to have engaged in corruption, thorough, independent, and credible investigations should be conducted. The state has the sole responsibility of ensuring that the security of citizens is mainatined at all costs. Corrupt officials should not be allowed to serve in any public office. References Creswell, J. (2003). Research design: Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods approaches (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Crotty, M. (2003). The Foundations of Social Research: meaning and perspective in the research process. London: Sage. Giuliani, R. (1995). Police Strategy No.7: Rooting Out Corruption; Building Organizational Integrity in the New York Police Department. New York: New York Police Department. Goldstein, H. (1975). Police Corruption: A perspective on its nature. Washington: Police Foundation. Hakim, C 2000, Re search Design: Sucessful Designs for Social and Economic Research, Routledge, New York. Klockars, C. (2000). The Measurement of Police Integrity. Washington, D.C.: National Institute of Justice. Leedy, P., Ormrod, J. (2005). Practical Research: Planning and Design. Prentice Hall: Pearson. Rozella, F. (2003). Fighting Police Abuse: A Community Action Manual. ACLU Department of Public Education, 3(1). Russell, B., Ryan, G. (2009). Analyzing Qualitative Data: Systematic Approaches. London: Sage. This research paper on Police Corruption was written and submitted by user Cristopher C. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Sunday, November 24, 2019

What is the Good Life

What is the Good Life Free Online Research Papers The Good Life In The Eyes Of The Beholder In the case of the Good life, what would the Good life be in the average man or woman’s function of daily life? In Platos theory on the good life, it rests on the idea that everything has one function, which we are naturally suited for. Why are we suited for this concept, is it in our nature? The beauty, virtue, happiness, and excellence of this particular thing all depend on the fulfillment of this function. In this idea, even man has one function for which he is naturally suited or his gift. This is no easy task for man and women, we are complex beings and our day-to-day way of thinking and pleasures differ from person to person. It’s worth mentioning that we are dictated by nature, that is the same for all people in all circumstances and situations. For we can’t decide for ourselves what this function is in life. That’s why we are constantly seeking out, as a hedonist and avoiding pain and anxiety. Were constantly seeking out pleasures for the flesh and hoping not to conflict them with the spirit and also not to fall into the state of emptiness. In conclusion our existence is a truth, and may be the only truth and good and we should find its certainty. What is that function? In the Republic by Plato â€Å"He argues, that the proper uses or function of man and his soul is to live justly and to achieve a state of unity and harmony. Man consists of several parts, each different and with different aims, goals and appetites. He lists the intellect, spirit/courage, and physical desires as the three parts of the soul, though he may simplify this for ease of understanding.† Plato is stating here to live rightly, honest, admirable, and responsible. But in my opinion, we as in most live and live to be satisfied by the pleasures of life. But this is state of conflict between the soul/spirit and flesh, and undesirable, we as humans want the gratification of pleasures now. THE ENJOYMENT OF LIVING, by Lin Yutang states: â€Å"The most obvious fact which philosophers refuse to see is that we have got a body. Either we have to have bodies and have all our bodily wants satisfied, or else we are pure spirits and have no satisfacti ons at all. All satisfactions imply want† Ways of Wisdom, (Smith, 59). When all of us are pursuing physical desires and natural and necessary desires we should keep them in the appropriate fashion, there can still be some conflicts. In this reason we are intent on balancing the soul, providing some satisfaction for all of our desires in natural necessary ways and, natural unnecessary functions also. When this is accomplished, when the parts of the soul are fulfilling their natural functions well and, under the guidance of reason, self control and are in harmony and balance with others, and then the soul is good, happy, and fully satisfied. And so the above description is not mans function, but merely the state of wellness or being required to properly perform his or her daily function. â€Å"For Plato, human beings live in a world of visible and intelligible things. The visible world is what surrounds us: what we see, what we hear, what we experience; this visible world is a world of change and uncertainty. The intelligible world is made up of the unchanging products of human reason: anything arising from reason alone, such as abstract definitions or mathematics, makes up this intelligible world, which is the world of reality† (wsu.edu:8080/~dee/GREECE/PLATO.HTM.) . And in the Apology we get a sense of mans proper, natural function. Man pursues knowledge, intelligence, and ultimate reality. This is the way man truly attains virtue and it is on the same path as the gods. The Republic Plato argues similarly, proposing that man is to search for the good and the other forms of good and truth. Both cases mans function is to use his mind, intelligence, and reason in search of truth, and for Plato knowledge and ultimate reality. Is the body a hindrance or an obstacle, in search of the good life? If it is, it’s a struggled against the soul at all times. Does the body harass the mind with all sorts of desires and appetites, barely giving the mind time to think? So it is the job of man to remove himself as entirely as he can from his body, to use it only in the barest, simplest fashion, only to survive. In this way he will minimize this hurdle and allow himself to pursue his true function and to the take full advantage of his ability. And this quest and life long journey is mans function and the only way to the good life. It depends on the synchronization of the soul and body. â€Å"Socrates even admits in The Republic that he himself knows not just what the good is, but he knows we should strive for it and the knowledge of it† (http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/plato-ethics-politics/). All of this is fine and good, a noble pursuit of both desires, but it seems like just another attempt to create meaning and give arrangement to our lives. Besides any idea or thought or action we think and feel, might have the possibility that it may be wrong or proven wrong. The pursuit of knowledge is admirable and I think very worthy of, but in terms of value or meaning what is the knowledge of the good life? One is, ultimately, just as good as the next and gets you just as far, because as Sartre’s states: â€Å"Man is nothing else but what he makes of himself† (Smith, 230.) You just need to decide what is important in your life and what you want to do with it. As well, I think it is a mistake to place so much value on the mind and intellect so use the body and mind in a partnership and give to the flesh, pleasure in moderation. Your mind and mine are limited, weak, just as our senses are. They too, can mislead and misguide us, and I see no reason to suppos e they are powerful enough to solve the riddle of the universe, what would you call the ultimate good life? For that, I see no reason to believe there even is a question to be solved! Maybe we just developed a survival tool that, now that our survival is secure, is trying to occupy itself and keep itself busy, and alive all for what? If this is accurate, then one philosophy is just as good as the next, depending solely on yours and mine tastes. In conclusion what is right or wrong or if at all perfect in the way that we feel is good? This is the argument or theory I’m try to figure out, what would you call The Good Life? And if you and I are looking, feeling or enjoying one particular pleasure at the same moment, you and me will not see or feel the pleasure exactly as the other. One is, ultimately just as good as the next and gets you just as far. Research Papers on What is the Good LifeComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfGenetic EngineeringHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeAnalysis Of A Cosmetics Advertisement

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Death and Dying by Rosamond Rhodes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Death and Dying by Rosamond Rhodes - Essay Example From biological point of view, death is marked by a point where the entire or a part of the organ system ceases to work. Again, from a social point of view, death is marked by the point where a physician or a socially authorized person, after assessing a body, declares it dead. Moreover, from a moral point of view, death is that point where a person ceases to be a person i.e. when he/she can no longer act out of reasons or when they cannot be held responsible for their behavior. There are many criteria on the basis of which a person can be declared dead. First is the cardiopulmonary criterion whereby, when a person stops breathing and his/her heartbeat stops as well, the person is declared dead. This criterion has been followed by many organized religious bodies across the globe as a standard for declaring a person dead. Next is the brain dead criterion whereby a person is declared dead if his/her full brain cannot function and will never be able to function again. Studies have revea led that cardio respiratory death shortly follows brain death. Brain death, whereby a brain becomes permanently non functionary, has been accepted socially as a standard as good as the cardiopulmonary standard. The need to declare death on the basis of death of the brain has gained importance because it gives the physicians a perfectly legal and social sanction to declare a person dead, maintain the dead body using technology and remove the transplantable organs in a way such that it leads to a better functioning of the organs in the recipient. The third and most controversial criterion is the cortical death criteria. Cortical death is where a person is declared dead on the basis of the disability of a person to function as a person. Individuals who have lost cortical functions, as argued by some physicians and bioethics, have lost their capacity to feel and thus have lost everything that makes life worthwhile. Under this standard, people who are in a persistent vegetative state or those who are suffering from permanent coma can be declared dead. According to the author, by following this criteria of declaring a person dead, a scenario which would be physically, mentally and economically challenging for both patient and his/her loved ones can be avoided. Moreover, given the scarce medical resources, a significant amount of these resources can be saved by shifting them from patients in the persistently vegetative state to the treatment of those who have moral existence.2 But the reason behind the controversy surrounding this third criterion lies in the fact that different people perceive life in different ways. Whether a person should endure pain, humiliation or prolonged unconsciousness or not, is an individual’s own attitude/preference. The patients who are in an active state can make their own decisions by accepting or refusing to undergo a treatment. But for those who cannot make these decisions on their own, a person very chose to him/her takes thes e healthcare related decisions on his/her behalf. A person can, in advance choose a person whom he/she

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Impact of Computer Technology Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Impact of Computer Technology - Research Paper Example From the essay it is clear that the cost effective and instant communication over these networks has left other technologies far too behind and facilitated humans to communicate and process information in a remarkable and innovative way. Social networks enables people to create effective communication channels for exchanging ideas and thoughts with class mates, old friends, lost friends, relatives, and new friends. Computerized social networks have advantages as well as disadvantages later to be discussed. The factors impacting on the population are interrelated to each other. The severity of the impact of these technologies may differ from low to high risks. According to the report findings the computerized social networks also contributed to support the educational correspondence regarding student assignments, career counseling and college planning. Students are able to co ordinate with each other regarding multiple educational topics and suggestions. Students improve their visual, writing, reading and conflict resolution skills by discussing about issues on various matters with all level of students available around the globe. These features can be achieved by connecting to the Internet and registering to the free social networks. Students with low income can also utilize these services due to free of charge. Studies have shown that computerized social networks have also increased quality of life. Social media can contribute via computerized social networks which will be an alternative to a traditional way of communication.

Sunday, November 17, 2019

B202 Accounting & Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

B202 Accounting & Finance - Essay Example While analyzing the company financials certain parameters were kept in mind. The analysis is conducted in two segments .The first segment would focus on the comparison of financial ratios of the company among different periods. The later segment would be of the comparison of company financials vis a vis the ratios of the respective industry. The ratios those would take part in this analysis are briefly portrayed below. While calculating for the above ratios ‘revenue figures’ represents ‘sales’.Net profit margin ignores the profit those are paid out to its debt investors as interest and because of it, this ratio is not so effective while comparing between firms having different capital structures . The liquidity ratios come next. It’s very much important for a firm to keep a certain level of liquidity in its portfolio, so that if needed it can lay its hand on the liquid assets. These ratios may change rapidly as its components i.e. both the short terms assets and liabilities can get easily changed over time periods. Current assets consist of cash and other assets which can be turned into cash within very short period of time. Firm’s current liabilities consist of payments which is payable in near future. Thus current ratio tells us how much current assets is available to cover up the current liabilities. Some assets are closer to cash more than other assets. In difficult times, these more liquid assets can be used to repay the current liabilities. These kinds of assets mainly consist of cash and cash equivalents, short term securities and receivables from customers. Thus quick ratio is measured as The table below takes care of the liquidiy ratios. Though the current ratios had dropped by a certain amount in 2006 but thereafter the company has taken care of the same. This is very much visible by the stable growth in current ratio from

Tuesday, November 12, 2019

The Horse Dealer?s Daughter :: essays research papers

In D.H. Lawrence’s â€Å"The Horse Dealer’s Daughter,† Mabel â€Å"did not share the same life as her brothers †(195). Mabel Pervin was not close to her brothers, because there were personal and physical separations. Mabel was a plain, uninteresting woman. She seldom showed emotion on her face. In fact her face usually remained impassive and unchanged. Her brothers could be described as three handsome and well-spoken men. Mabel was independent, having taken care of the house for ten years without a servant. Even though they depended upon her, they seemed to have control over her. The Pervin brothers â€Å"did not care about anything† (195). They were poised and felt secure about themselves. Her brothers felt superior to her. â€Å"They had talked at her and round her for so many years, that she hardly heard them at all† (196). She would either give a neutral response to her brothers, or remain quiet when they talked to her. Instead of giving her encouragement, they teased her. This treatment could have led to her insecurity. They would tease her about becoming a maid or about her â€Å"bulldog† face. Her brothers were full of energy and very talkative. Mabel also seemed to be alone in the world. Unlike her brothers who had many companions, she had had no friends of her own sex. Sometimes it seemed that Mabel wanted to escape her life. One place Mabel felt secure and immune from the world was at her mother’s grave. â€Å"There she always felt secure, as if no one could see her† (200). Mabel was extremely devoted to her deceased parents, especially her mother. She was mindless and persistent. At the graveside, she had many different feelings. She seemed to be coming nearer to her own glorification. Also she would become remote and intent. She seemed to feel contact with the world that mother had lived.

Sunday, November 10, 2019

What Creates One’s Identity

In the book, â€Å"a complicated kindness†, written by Miriam Toews, the main character, Nomi Nickel, fights through many obstacles in her life and learns what reality is. Her characteristics and identities are built in her by the places she lives. The struggling in living without her mother and older sister has made her doing so much than what she would. The small town and her religion have a huge impact in her, where she hates the place but she learns to love it. Her dream of being free has more inspiration in her which makes her wanting to go to the outside world. After learning so much as she has to, she becomes a responsible, kind and strong young adult. When one loss something they would always get something back in reverse, by which cases the one always learns from what she has to go through. In the book, Nomi’s sister and mother’s sudden disappearance has made her handle lot things that she wouldn’t do and handle by herself if she has a full family. â€Å"It’s been three years so far. My period started the day after Trudie left which means I’ve bled thirty-six times since they’ve been gone†(Toews, 5). The quote shows us that Nomi, the main character, has to handle suffers as being a female after her mom has left her. She has to handle it without anyone’s helping. It was the responsible she learns without noticing it herself. â€Å"Doing laundry can be a really interesting thing and intriguing process. Emptying people’s pockets, noticing odours and stains and items, folding the clothes afterwards, opening drawers, putting everything away†(Toews, 35). In the process of learning, Nomi has become responsible and enjoying what she is learning to do. An individual’s past always teaches them how to be a better and kind person. When one thinks about their past over with different point of views, they would realize what they had mistaken. From the book, Nomi often have flashbacks about what she did to others, she then could find the demerit she had done. She is a Mennonite, but she hated her own religion. After she’d look back what she did and how she treated some people, she has learnt how she should treat others nicely. â€Å"My guidance counselor has suggested to me that I change my attitude about this place and learn to love it. But I do, I told her. Oh, that’s rich, she said. That’s rich† (Toews, 8). â€Å"East village has given me the faith to believe in the possibility of happy family reunion someday† (Toews, 324). The quotes tells the change in Nomi, where she becomes someone different. From hating the village to loving it was by changing in herself. One’s dream leads possibilities to the one. The courage of people do something they were afraid has to come from what she believe. Nomi, the girl who lives in a religious town with lots of rules, wants to have freedom. She has a dream of being herself. She wants to get out of the town and a new life. After her father leaves her, which he knows he has to leave first to let go of Nomi, Nomi decide to go to the outside world with no fears. â€Å"I dream of escaping into the real world. I would love t read the diary of a girl my age- a girl from the city. Or a textbook on urban planning. Or a New York City phone book. I would be killed to own a New York City phone book† (Toews, 8). â€Å"I meant to thank you Ray for, in the midst of his own multitude of crap and bewilderment, knowing one true thing. That I would never have left him and that if I were ever to get out of that town, he would have to leave first† (Toews, 322). Nomi wants to go outside so much she would do anything to have freedom, but she promises her father that she’d never leave her father alone. But after her father left, she has noting to worry about. She has the courage of going outside. She is strong. One’s identity is built in them by many factors; life struggling, past and dream. All of the factors are based on realities. Dream is a big part of reality when one believes in themselves. An individual might not realize how dream works out for their identity, but it is the most important part of building their identities.

Friday, November 8, 2019

Learn About Brown Marmorated Stink Bugs, Halyomorpha halys

Learn About Brown Marmorated Stink Bugs, Halyomorpha halys I have a peculiar fascination with stink bugs. My affection may be misplaced, however, because some stink bugs are pests of garden plants and fruit trees. One exotic species, the brown marmorated stink bug came to the U.S. recently and the agricultural industry is already on alert. Description: The adult brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys, can be confused with other brown stink bugs. To identify this species accurately, examine its antennae for alternating bands of light and dark on the last two segments. Adults are a blotchy brown color, with alternating light and dark markings along the edges of the abdomen. They grow to 17mm in length. In its U.S. range, Halyomorpha halys adults may be observed from spring to September. In the fall, they may invade houses and other structures. Find stink bugs in your home in the fall, and theres a good chance youve got brown marmorated stink bugs. First and second instars appear tick-like, but yellowish or reddish in color. The final three instars (five total) become darker and closer in appearance to the adults. Older nymphs have banded legs and antennae and abdominal markings like adults. Clusters of light green eggs may be found from June to August. If you do find a brown marmorated stink bug, keep the insect in a vial or jar and report the find to your local extension office. This insect has the potential to become a serious agricultural pest, and scientists are tracking its spread. Classification: Kingdom - AnimaliaPhylum - ArthropodaClass - InsectaOrder - HemipteraFamily - PentatomidaeGenus - HalyomorphaSpecies - H. halys Diet: Brown marmorated stink bugs feed on plants by piercing fruits and stems. The long list of host plants favored by this insect makes it a significant agricultural pest if populations get too large. Host plants include a variety of fruit and shade trees, as well as other woody ornamentals and even legumes. Known food sources include pear, peach, apricot, cherry, mulberry, persimmon, and apple trees; Buddleia, honeysuckle, Rosa rugosa, and abelia shrubs; raspberries and grapes; and legumes including soybeans and beans. Life Cycle: The brown marmorated stink bug undergoes incomplete metamorphosis. In the U.S., only a single life cycle occurs per year. However, in its native Asia, five life cycles per year have been observed. As H. halys spreads south, more life cycles per year are likely. Eggs - The female lays barrel-shaped eggs in masses of 25-30, on the undersides of leaves.Nymphs - Nymphs emerge 4-5 days after eggs are laid. Each instar lasts about one week.Adults - Adults fly, and become sexually mature about two weeks after their final molt. The female lays eggs at one-week intervals. She can lay as many as 400 eggs in a season. Special Adaptations and Defenses: Like other cousins in the Pentatomidae family, brown marmorated stink bugs possess glands in the thorax capable of producing malodorous compounds. When handled or crushed, stink bugs release this foul-smelling secretion. Their coloration provides camouflage from predators, such as birds. Habitat: Fruit tree orchards, soybean fields, and other areas where host plants occur, including the home landscape. Range: The brown marmorated stink bug is native to eastern Asia, existing in China, Japan, and Korea. Halyomorpha halys has been detected in 42 U.S. states and several Canadian provinces.   Other Common Names: Yellow-brown stink bug, East Asian stink bug Sources: Regional Pest Alert: Brown Marmorated Stink Bug, Northeastern IPM CenterBrown Marmorated Stink Bug - A New Exotic Insect in New Jersey, Rutgers Cooperative Extension FS002Brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys, University of FloridaBrown Marmorated Stink Bug, Penn state University

Wednesday, November 6, 2019

Report Essays - Discrimination, Human Behavior, Social Issues

Report Essays - Discrimination, Human Behavior, Social Issues Caleb Harris Mrs. Gonzales English 3-7 10-11-18 Discrimination In Schools Today Discrimination exists in today's society. It exists in jobs, on the streets, in grocery stores, everywhere you turn and look. Race and gender inequality play a big role in student's education in the United States and throughout the world. I myself am a Black/White student that believes that racism still is alive in the education system. Discrimination based on race in schools continues to grow and be an outstanding issue. Stopping it begins with the administration and teachers and the policies implemented, and students being held accountable for their actions. Discrimination in schools occurs when a person takes unfair actions against people belonging to a certain race. In the United States black students are suspended at much higher rates than their white peers. Black students are 3 times more likely to get suspended than white students. And in the south it is even greater. A 2016 report from the University of Pennsylvania, Center for the Study of Race and Equity in Education, fo und that 13 Southern states (Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia and West Virginia) were responsible for 55 percent of the 1.2 million suspensions involving black students nationwide. These states also accounted for 50 percent of expulsions involving black students nationally, according to the report, "Disproportionate Impact of K-12 School Suspension and Expulsion on Black Students in Southern States." The finding most indicative of racial bias is that in 84 Southern school districts, 100 percent of students suspended were black. Even black preschool students are more likely to be suspended than students of other races, the U.S. Department of Education found. The agency reported that while blacks make up just 18 percent of children in preschool, they represent nearly half of preschool children suspended. The negative racial biases black children face and the correlated high suspension rate s result in African American children missing a great deal of school. This can lead to them falling behind academically, including not reading at grade level by third grade, and eventually dropping out of school. Pushing children out of class increases the chances that they will have contact with the criminal justice system. Discriminatory school discipline practices punishing different groups differently for similar behaviors certainly could contribute to the disparities we see. For example, do black students get suspended longer than white students who fight? The answer is yes they do, black students get punished longer than white students for interracial fights. There is one additional suspension day for black students for every 20 interracial fights. Not only are students of color least likely to be identified as gifted and enroll in honors classes, they are more likely to attend schools with a greater police presence, increasing the odds that they will enter the criminal justic e system. As the nation's racial demographics shift, these disparities pose serious risks to America's future. Students of color comprise a growing share of public school students. If the United States is to remain a world superpower for generations, it's incumbent upon Americans to ensure that disadvantaged students and those from ethnic minority groups receive the same standard of education that privileged students do. Segregated education facilitates study by enhancing small comforts such as shared tastes in music and food. More importantly it avoids exposure to racial slurs and ethnic insults characteristic of integrated facilities. Less privileged ethnic groups tend to perform better academically when they are segregated. Racial discrimination has been a problem in America over a long period of time. Racial discrimination negatively impacts a person by causing emotional and psychological damage. Experiencing racial discrimination can cause a person to become depressed, suicidal , anxious, have low self-esteem, drop out of school, and even move away. Along with low self-esteem, they can easily develop a syndrome called impostor syndrome and feel excluded from everyone else (moral exclusion theory). Racial discrimination not only affects high school students by causing mental problems but by leaving a long-lasting hatred towards people of different races. It is crucial to show high school students how history plays a major part in all this. Even today some Native Americans still have anger towards Christopher Report Essays - Discrimination, Human Behavior, Social Issues Harris Caleb Harris Mrs. Gonzales English 3-7 10-11-18 Discrimination In Schools Today Discrimination exists in today's society. It exists in jobs, on the streets, in grocery stores, everywhere you turn and look. Race and gender inequality play a big role in student's education in the United States and throughout the world. I myself am a Black/White student that believes that racism still is alive in the education system. Discrimination based on race in schools continues to grow and be an outstanding issue. Stopping it begins with the administration and teachers and the policies implemented, and students being held accountable for their actions. Discrimination in schools occurs when a person takes unfair actions against people belonging to a certain race. In the United States black students are suspended at much higher rates than their white peers. Black students are 3 times more likely to get suspended than white students. And in the south it is even greater. A 2016 report from the University of Pennsylvania, Center for the Study of Race and Equity in Education, f ound that 13 Southern states (Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia and West Virginia) were responsible for 55 percent of the 1.2 million suspensions involving black students nationwide. These states also accounted for 50 percent of expulsions involving black students nationally, according to the report, "Disproportionate Impact of K-12 School Suspension and Expulsion on Black Students in Southern States." The finding most indicative of racial bias is that in 84 Southern school districts, 100 percent of students suspended were black. Even black preschool students are more likely to be suspended than students of other races, the U.S. Department of Education found. The agency reported that while blacks make up just 18 percent of children in preschool, they represent nearly half of preschool children suspended. The negative racial biases black children face and the correlated high suspension rat es result in African American children missing a great deal of school. This can lead to them falling behind academically, including not reading at grade level by third grade, and eventually dropping out of school. Pushing children out of class increases the chances that they will have contact with the criminal justice system. Discriminatory school discipline practices punishing different groups differently for similar behaviors certainly could contribute to the disparities we see. For example, do black students get suspended longer than white students who fight? The answer is yes they do, black students get punished longer than white students for interracial fights. There is one additional suspension day for black students for every 20 interracial fights. Not only are students of color least likely to be identified as gifted and enroll in honors classes, they are more likely to attend schools with a greater police presence, increasing the odds that they will enter the criminal justi ce system. As the nation's racial demographics shift, these disparities pose serious risks to America's future. Students of color comprise a growing share of public school students. If the United States is to remain a world superpower for generations, it's incumbent upon Americans to ensure that disadvantaged students and those from ethnic minority groups receive the same standard of education that privileged students do. Segregated education facilitates study by enhancing small comforts such as shared tastes in music and food. More importantly it avoids exposure to racial slurs and ethnic insults characteristic of integrated facilities. Less privileged ethnic groups tend to perform better academically when they are segregated. Racial discrimination has been a problem in America over a long period of time. Racial discrimination negatively impacts a person by causing emotional and psychological damage. Experiencing racial discrimination can cause a person to become depressed, suicida l, anxious, have low self-esteem, drop out of school, and even move away. Along with low self-esteem, they can easily develop a syndrome called impostor syndrome and feel excluded from everyone else (moral exclusion theory). Racial discrimination not only affects high school students by causing mental problems but by leaving a long-lasting hatred towards people of different races. It is crucial to show high school students how history plays a major part in all this. Even today some Native Americans still have anger towards Christopher Columbus and other